Student Learning Centre FLINDERS UNIVERSITY FORMAL AND INFORMAL LANGUAGE Formal schoolman writing is quite different from slack spoken English. The differences ignore best be seen from a number of examples. In general, in nut spoken English conducts a number of colloquialisms (conversational expressions) that are unlike for formal written English. It is important not to mix the styles. pen academic English will not normally contain the following: Contractions ? INCORRECT it didnt theyve ? CORRECT it did not they have faltering Fillers ? INCORRECT er um well private Pronouns ? INCORRECT I think of this is an effective plan. You impute the chemicals in the test tube. We used dickens different methods research. ? CORRECT This could be an effective plan. The chemicals are put in the test tube. There were two different methods of research. Personal pronouns are sometimes used, however are often avoided by means of a modal verb (could, might etc.), an impersonal news program such as it or there, or a verb in the passive voice. Informal/Imprecise Words ? INCORRECT lots of good big things like ? CORRECT many excellent, pleasant large reasons, problems such as STUDY SKILLS BROCHURE SLC/11/2006 Abbreviated forms ? INCORRECT its theyre e.g. i.e. etc.

? CORRECT it is they are for example that is and so on A COMPARISON Compare the following texts. The first is informal and spoken, the second formal and written (from a journal article). Informal/Spoken This guy, Hewson, right, he says that people that speak English, like native speakers, dont think about when to use words like the, they fitting do it. Formal/Written Hewson (1972, p. 132) has called the English article remains a psychomechanism, through which native speakers use articles correctly but unconsciously. (Miller, JL 2005, Most of ESL students have trouble with the articles, International Education Journal, ERC2004 special(prenominal) Issue, vol., 5, no. 5, pp. 80-88) EXERCISE 1 The... If you want to get a teeming essay, order it on our website:
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