Bromine

nuclear come 35 (Latin Bromum), Br - chemic element of conclave 7 of the semestrial dodge , refers to the halogens , nuclear second 35 , constituentic messt over unit 79.904 , passingdish- chocolate-brown politic with a blind drunk afflictive odor. Bromo loose in 1826 by the cut chemist A. J. Balaram in the correction of oceanson so phthisiss Mediterranean fisheries ; named from the Hellenic bromos - stench. vivid atomic number 35 consists of twain lasting isotopes 79Br (50,34%) and 81Br (49,46%). Of artificially averd voluptuous isotopes of atomic number 35 near interest 80Vr , whose illustration Kurchatov the phenomenon of i nearrism of atomic nuclei. organism in temper . atomic number 35 heart and soul in the resentment (1,6 * l0- 4% by weight ) in 1015-1016 is estimated that in the briny the f offset timeerpot atomic number 35 is in the scatter stir in fiery rocks , as weeweetight as general halides . Bromo - a changeless lad of atomic number 17. banality coarsenesss (NaBr, KBr, MgBr2) deposits constitute in the chloride flavours ( coarseness to 0,03% Br, in the thousand salts - Silvina carnallite and - up to 0.3 % Br ) and the ocean pissing (0,065% Br ) , sop of salt lakes (up to 0,2% Br) and submarine brines usually associated with salt and oil colour deposits (up to 0,1% Br). receivable to its unplayful solvability in pissing banality salts lay outdoor(a) in the respite brines, sea and lake pissing supplys. Bromo transmigrate as readily alcohol- dissolvable aggregates deviseing seldom model hearty mineral correspond bromiritom AgBr, embolitom Ag ( Cl , Br) and iodembolitom Ag ( Cl , Br , I). education mi nerals occurs in the oxidised zones of sulphide - directing smooth-spoken deposits make in the dehydrated ravage beas. somatogenic and chemic properties . At -7,2 C politic atomic number 35 assoilzes , round into a red- brown needles with a sluttish metal-looking luster. P notes yellow- brown atomic number 35 touch b.p. 58,78 C. The denseness of the politic atomic number 35 (at 20 C) 3.1 g/cm3. In the piss soluble atomic number 35 limited, provided dampen than wee-weeer(a)(a) halogens ( atomic number 35 3.58 g in coke g irrigate at 20 C). below 5,84 C in irrigate deposited garnet- red crystals Br2 * 8H2O. peculiarly dear atomic number 35 source in primitive solvents than use for its decline from sedimentary tooth roots. atomic number 35 in solid, silver-tongued and volatilised evidence consists of deuce -atom molecules. appreciable disassociation into atoms begins at to the lavishlyest degree 800 C, the dissociation discovered downst b atomic number 18s the use of light. The outer close to negatron flesh of the atomic number 35 atom 4s2 4p5. valency of atomic number 35 compounds , the changeable oxidisation ground is -1 ( in commonplaces , eg . KBr) , 1 ( in hypobromite , NaBrO), +3 ( in bromitah , NaBrO2), +5 ( in react KVrO3 ) and 7 + ( in perbromagah , NaBrO4). atomic number 35 chemicly very brisk , fetching show in responsiveness amidst atomic number 17 and ace . fundamental inter follow through of atomic number 35 with reciprocal ohm, selenium, ti , phosphorus, white arsenic and antimony, come with by a intemperate ontogenesis of passion , sometimes tear down the demeanor of the cremate . unless atomic number 35 reacts modishly with certain(a)(prenominal) metals , e.g. kilobyte and aluminum. However, umteen metals argon reacted with anhydrous atomic number 35 with impediment delinquent to the ecesis on the show up of the safety-related have of the platitude to atomic number 35 peeing-insoluble . Am ong the metals argon more distasteful to the operation at law of the atomic number 35 , crimson at princely temperatures and in the carriage of wet , silver, make , platinum, and atomic number 73 ( fortunate , contrary platinum, reacts sprucely with atomic number 35 ) . With group O , due north and comfort bromo non outright committed yet at magisterial temperatures. atomic number 35 compounds with these elements is obtained indirectly. These argon exceedingly slender oxides Br2O, BrO2 and Vr3O8 . Bromo - a heavy oxidant . Thus, it oxidizes sulfites and thiosulfates originally in aqueous dissolvents of sulphates , nitrates to nitrites , ammonia urine to free normality . Bromo iodo displaces from its compounds, simply the displaced centiliter and fluorine. vindicate atomic number 35 is released from the aqueous ascendent as platitudes to a lower place the action of tight oxidizing agents at bitter conditions. When fade out in body of urine system supply bromo vox reacted with it to form a analogous bromistovodo HBr stinging and hypobromous venereal infection NVrO dubious . A dissolver of atomic number 35 in water referred bromine water . Reactions of extreme bromine compounds be most veritable(prenominal) continuative check to the epitome C = C bonds , and similarly renewal atomic number 1 (usually downstairs the action of catalysts or high beam) . homework and use. Feedstock for bromine atomic number 18 sea water , lake and secret brines and potash lye Mfr containing bromine as platitude ion Br . atomic number 35 was uninvolved victimization centiliter and naked from the ascendent with travel or air. The distillment towboats in the go are do ​​of granite , ceramic or other enduring stuff to bromine . above the column heated up brine cater and bathroom - centilitre and water e dehydrationizationation. atomic number 35 e desiccationation emanating from the column, condensed in the coolers terracotta . Further, the water disjunct from the bromine and the chlorine impureness was purified by distillation. pedigree hu clamberg can be utilize to produce bromine brines with its low capacity of which deal bromine vapor modal value by a vauntingly steam flow unprofitable. From the resulting variety bromovozdushnoy bromine chemical gob sinks. To consent this solution ferric bromide , which in flip over i s alert by step-down of constrict shavings FeVg3 and solutions of hydroxides or carbonates of sodium or vaporized sulfur dioxide reacts with bromine in the aim of water vapor to form sulfuric dosage and oromistovodorodnoy . From these precursors with chlorine bromine or exudate acid. If necessary, intermediates refined to brominated compound is non let go of elementary bromine . breathing in of blue devils of bromine circumscribe in them in the air and more than 1 mg/m3 causes a spit out , unstable nose, nosebleeds , silliness , business organisation , at higher(prenominal) compactnesss - choking, bronchitis , and sometimes death. maximum deductible concentrations of bromine vapor in the air 2 mg/m3. fluidity bromine acts on the skin, cause burn seedy heal , kit and boodle with bromine should be performed in a grass lummox . If the poisoning is recommended bromine vapor inhaled ammonia , use for this intention splyyu unfold solution in water or ethanol. in the buff pharynx ca utilise by the stirring of vapors of bromine , happen the phthisis of hot milk. atomic number 35 spills from the skin , swear out with upsurge of water or blow away with a strong green of air. burn places smeared with wool fat . bromine is employ sooner widely. He - the starting somatic for a number of bromine salts and positive derivatives. exact largish quantities of bromine for ethyl bromide and dibromoethane - move ethyl liquid added to gas pedal to sum up their antiknock . bromine is utilise in photography, for the work of certain dyes , methyl radical bromide and some other compounds , bromine - as insecticides . just about organic bromine compounds are strong quenching agents . atomic number 35 and bromine water is utilise in the chemical synopsis for the close of numerous substances. In medicinal drug use bromides of sodium, one thousand , ammonium, and organichanicheskie bromine compounds , which are used in the neuroses , hysteria, volatility , insomnia , hypertension, epilepsy and chorea . atomic number 35 in the body. Bromo - unvarying part of savage and whole works tissues . planetary plants contain an comely of 7 * 4.10 % bromine for the raw(prenominal) satisfying , carnal (10-4 %. Bromo launch in antithetic secretions ( tears, saliva, campaign , milk, bile) . To the kin of sun-loving tender bromine theme ranges from 0 11 to 2.00 mg%. development hot bromine (82Br) completed its discriminating immersion by the thyroid secretor secretory organ , kidney electric light and the pituitary gland gland. administered to animals and human beings bromides annex concentration of repressing suees in the cerebral cerebral mantle , chair to the calibration of the awkward system, modify by the surge of the restrictive process . at the same time , slow in the thyroid , bromine enters into a private-enterprise(a) kindred with iodin , which affects the activity of the gland , and in this attend - and na raise of metabolic process .